FUNCTIONAL STATE OF BALANCE OF 10-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN WITH VISION DEPRIVATION

Abstract

The urgency of the problem. The article presents the data of the study of the functional state of equilibrium of 10-year-old children with visual impairment. In children with visual deprivation, according to modern scientific research, there is a tendency to increase the manifestations of impaired coordination of movements and the presence of pathological movement patterns and stereotypes, which are also accompanied by difficulties in visual orientation in space. The purpose of the work is to analyze the state of functional balance of 10-year-old children with visual impairment. 14 10-year-old children with various degrees of visual impairment took part in the research. The study was conducted on the basis of the Zoresvit National Research Center in Odessa. The following methods were used to realize the research goal: theoretical (analysis of scientific and methodical literature, theoretical analysis and generalization, system analysis), pedagogical (experiment, testing), mathematical. The Berg balance scale was used to identify balance disorders during functional activities and to plan the necessary developmental measures for the development of balance and mobility of the subjects. The results obtained on the scale were compared with the test norms, which made it possible to detect the level of functional equilibrium of 10-year-old children with visual deprivation. The study of the general features of children’s physical development was carried out using primary methods of mathematical processing: to describe the state of equilibrium, the methods of assessing the central tendency (arithmetic mean value, distribution mode) and distribution variability (standard deviation, distribution quartiles) were used. Secondary methods of mathematical statistics: for the preparation of data for the application of statistical procedures, in particular, for the selection of adequate statistical criteria, the procedure for checking the results of the study for normality using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov consistency criteria with the Liliefors and Shapiro–Wilk corrections was used. The statistical processing of the research results was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 software, the graphic material was prepared in the Microsoft Excel package. The results. The results of the study showed that the values of the overall balance indicator are in the range from 44 to 51 points with an average value at the point of 48.2 points and a standard deviation of 2.29 points (48.2±2.29), and therefore in the studied sample there is those who have balance disorders during functional activities (7.14%) and need certain developmental measures that ensure balance. Conclusions. Most of the subjects are able to maintain balance. This best applies to standing, sitting, walking in place, sitting down, and moving around with little manual assistance. Only a few have a certain risk of falling in such cases. At worst, these children were able to stand on one leg and perform a two-legged stance, one in front of the other.